[Hematological changes in hyperthyroidism. A case report]

A case of microcytic anemia, leukopenia (with lymphocytic reduction prevalence) and light thrombocytopenia is reported. The case occurred to a 63-year old diabetic woman suffering from Basedow's disease. The thyropathy was diagnosed first and the patient did not undergo to any previous treatment with antithyroid agents. The bone marrow aspiration only showed slight dyserythropoietic notes, with slight reduction of myeloid-erythroid ratio. The blood cell indexes rapidly normalized as soon as euthyroidism was achieved by radioiodine therapy (I131, 4mCi), and this led to think there was a relationship between thyropathy and blood modifications. The patient was subsequently treated with levothyroxine because of the occurrence of a iatrogenic hypothyroidism. Two years later, during a follow-up, all the hematologic parameters were normal, as well as the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and TSH (during opotherapy). We report the hematologic alterations most frequently observed in hyperthyroidism and underline the peculiarity of this case as it shows the simultaneous alterations of different cellular lines in the same patient.