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Behavioral treatments of suicidal behaviors. Definitional obfuscation and treatment outcomes

M M Linehan1

  • 1University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle 98195-1525, USA. linehan@u.washington.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 9, 1998
PubMed

Insights

This review of clinical trials found that psychosocial interventions are effective in reducing suicidal behavior, especially for high-risk individuals. Pharmacotherapy also showed some efficacy in reducing suicide attempts.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Suicidal behavior presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Defining and measuring suicidal and parasuicidal behavior is complex.
  • Evidence-based interventions are crucial for reducing suicide rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review randomized clinical trials of psychosocial and behavioral interventions for reducing suicidal behavior.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of different treatment approaches for suicidal individuals.
  • To identify factors influencing treatment effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 20 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and sequentially assigned studies.
  • Analysis of psychosocial, behavioral, and pharmacotherapy interventions.
  • Comparison of interventions against treatment-as-usual or placebo controls.

Main Results:

  • Four psychosocial intervention studies demonstrated efficacy.
  • One pharmacotherapy study reported positive results.
  • Inclusion of high-risk individuals significantly predicted the effectiveness of outpatient psychosocial interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial interventions show promise in reducing suicidal behavior, particularly in high-risk populations.
  • Further research is needed to refine and optimize these interventions.
  • Effective interventions are critical for suicide prevention efforts.

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