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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice
08:02

Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: February 18, 2015

Candida laryngitis appearing as leukoplakia and GERD

L A Forrest1, H Weed

  • 1The Ohio State University, Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University Voice Center, USA.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|June 10, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Reflux laryngopharyngitis symptoms can mimic fungal infections of the larynx. Consider mycotic laryngitis in patients with persistent dysphonia, even if immunocompetent.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Mycology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Reflux laryngopharyngitis presents with characteristic laryngeal symptoms, but mucosal changes are not unique to reflux.
  • Equivocal responses to standard reflux treatments necessitate exploring alternative diagnoses.

Observation:

  • Mycotic laryngitis, particularly laryngeal candidiasis, can mimic reflux laryngopharyngitis.
  • Physical findings like erythema and leukoplakia are common in both conditions.
  • Predisposing factors include immunosuppression, radiation, antibiotics, and corticosteroid use.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis relies on laryngeal biopsy and special staining to detect fungal hyphae.
  • Mycotic laryngitis can affect both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals.

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Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring

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Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice
08:02

Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: February 18, 2015

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
06:46

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring

Published on: December 14, 2020

Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients
05:26

Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients

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  • Dysphonia in immunocompromised patients warrants consideration of fungal infections.

    • Implications:

    • Early consideration of mycotic laryngitis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
    • Effective management of laryngeal mycoses may require prolonged antifungal therapy.
    • Distinguishing fungal from reflux-induced laryngitis is key to appropriate patient care.