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Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Multifocal Electroretinograms
Published on: December 4, 2011
Menkes disease. New ocular and electroretinographic findings
R C Ferreira1, J R Heckenlively, J H Menkes
1Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Objective:
The authors describe new ocular and electroretinographic (ERG) features in Menkes disease.
Design:
The study design is a case report.
Participants:
The authors studied two patients with Menkes disease.
Intervention:
The authors performed complete ophthalmologic and ERG evaluations in both patients.
Main Outcome Measures:
The parameters used were slit-lamp biomicroscopy and ERG recordings.
Results:
Aberrant lashes and anterior stromal hypoplasia of the iris are new findings, and profound delays in b-wave implicit time in well-developed photopic responses may be added as new ERG features.
Conclusions:
Patients with Menkes disease may have aberrant lashes, anterior stromal hypoplasia, and retinal degeneration.

