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Poisoning mortality, 1985-1995

L A Fingerhut1, C S Cox

  • 1Office of Analysis, Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. laf4@cdc.gov

Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
|December 16, 1998
PubMed
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Drug poisoning deaths surged in the US, becoming a leading cause of injury mortality, especially for middle-aged men. Rates increased significantly from 1990-1995, driven by opiates and cocaine.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Poisoning is a significant public health concern in the United States.
  • In 1995, poisoning was the third leading cause of injury mortality.
  • It was the leading cause of injury death for individuals aged 35-44.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in poisoning deaths in the United States.
  • To identify the role of drugs in poisoning mortality.
  • To examine demographic differences in poisoning death rates.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national mortality data from 1979 to 1995.
  • Examination of underlying cause of death codes.
  • Inclusion of multiple cause of death codes for specific drug analyses.
Keywords:
Accidental DeathsAge Specific Death RateAmericasCauses Of DeathDeath RateDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesMortalityNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsSex FactorsUnited States

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Main Results:

  • Poisoning death rates in 1995 were the highest since 1979.
  • From 1990-1995, a 25% increase in age-adjusted poisoning death rates was entirely due to drugs.
  • Drugs accounted for 77% of poisoning deaths in 1995.
  • Drug-related poisoning death rates were more than double for males compared to females.
  • Poisoning death rates for males aged 35-54 nearly doubled between 1985-1995.
  • Drug-related poisoning deaths for males aged 35-54 nearly tripled.
  • Opiate and cocaine poisoning deaths more than doubled for males aged 35-54 from 1990-1995.

Conclusions:

  • Drug poisoning represents a growing and critical public health crisis.
  • Middle-aged males are a particularly vulnerable demographic for fatal drug poisonings.
  • The rise in opiate and cocaine-related deaths warrants urgent public health interventions.