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Related Experiment Videos

Selective visual masking in speechreading

J E Preminger1, H B Lin, M Payen

  • 1Department of Special Education and Individualized Services, Kean University, Union, NJ, USA. jpreminger@mci2000.com

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|June 25, 1998
PubMed
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Even when parts of the face are digitally masked, individuals can still recognize consonant-visemes (speech sounds) with high accuracy. Visual cues from the mouth are crucial for speech perception.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Visual cues, particularly from the mouth, significantly contribute to speech perception.
  • Understanding the specific facial features critical for recognizing speech sounds (visemes) is important for developing assistive technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of masking specific facial features on consonant-viseme recognition.
  • To determine the minimal visual information required for accurate consonant-viseme identification.

Main Methods:

  • Digital video technology was used to selectively mask facial features (tongue, teeth, mouth, upper/lower face).
  • Consonant-viseme recognition was assessed in young adults with normal vision and hearing using vowel-consonant-vowel disyllables.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Two experiments involved different masking conditions, including full mouth masking and combined mouth and upper/lower face masking.

    • Main Results:

    • Masking the tongue and teeth had minimal impact on viseme recognition.
    • With the entire mouth masked, participants achieved over 70% accuracy in identifying consonant-visemes in specific vowel contexts.
    • Masking the mouth and upper face impaired recognition but preserved some information for /f/ visemes.
    • Masking the mouth and lower face resulted in poor recognition but allowed discrimination of /p/ visemes.

    Conclusions:

    • The mouth provides essential visual information for consonant-viseme recognition, but other facial areas also contribute.
    • Specific consonant-visemes can be identified even with significant portions of the face masked, suggesting redundancy in visual speech cues.
    • Findings have implications for visual speech enhancement and communication technologies.