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Adapting reflexes controlling the human posture

L M Nashner

    Experimental Brain Research
    |August 27, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Stretch reflexes play a stabilizing role in posture control, with some individuals adapting their reflex gain to reduce sway. Cerebellar deficits impair this adaptive ability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Human Movement Science
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • The role of stretch reflexes in posture control remains debated due to insufficient consideration of reflex usefulness and postural set in experimental designs.
    • Understanding how stretch reflexes contribute to stability during various postural tasks is crucial for elucidating motor control mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the stabilizing function of stretch reflexes in ankle muscles during human stance tasks with varying postural demands.
    • To examine task-specific differences in stretch reflex function and their adaptability.

    Main Methods:

    • Human subjects performed stance tasks with altered usefulness of stretch reflexes (useful, neutral, inappropriate).
    • Long-latency stretch reflexes (120 msec) were analyzed for their contribution to postural sway stabilization.

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  • Adaptive changes in reflex gain were assessed following unexpected alterations in reflex usefulness.
  • Performance of individuals with cerebellar deficits was compared to controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Five out of twelve subjects utilized long-latency stretch reflexes to reduce postural sway.
    • Subjects demonstrated adaptive changes in reflex gain to minimize sway, either by attenuating or facilitating the reflex.
    • While stretch reflex control reduced sway in stable conditions, it led to increased sway initially after task changes.
    • Individuals with cerebellar deficits showed deficits in adapting long-latency reflex gain to altered stance tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • Stretch reflexes contribute to postural stability, particularly in unchanging conditions, through adaptive gain modulation.
    • The ability to adapt stretch reflex gain is essential for maintaining balance during dynamic postural tasks.
    • Cerebellar function is critical for the adaptive control of long-latency stretch reflexes in posture.