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Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

S Baghestani1, F Handjani, M Sodeifi

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

European Journal of Dermatology : EJD
|July 3, 1998
PubMed
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Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin condition following visceral leishmaniasis. This report details a PKDL case in an Iranian boy, successfully treated with antimonial compounds.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a recognized sequela of visceral leishmaniasis.
  • PKDL predominantly affects individuals from the Indian subcontinent and parts of Africa.
  • The condition typically manifests months to years after successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old Iranian boy presented with asymptomatic erythematous papules and brownish, figurate discoloration.
  • The patient had a history of completely cured kala-azar four years prior to presentation.
  • Clinical presentation included lesions on the trunk, extremities, and lower extremities.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination of skin biopsies confirmed the presence of Leishman bodies.

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  • The findings were consistent with a diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.
  • Microscopic analysis revealed intracellular amastigotes within macrophages.

    • Implications:

    • This case expands the geographical understanding of PKDL, highlighting its occurrence in Iran.
    • Successful treatment with pentavalent antimonial compounds reaffirms therapeutic efficacy.
    • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing PKDL and preventing potential complications.