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Gingival dimensions after root coverage with free connective tissue grafts
1Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|July 3, 1998
Summary
Connective tissue grafts can effectively cover exposed tooth roots in cases of gingival recession. This procedure also significantly increases gingival thickness and width, potentially preventing future recession.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Regenerative Dentistry
Background:
- Gingival recession, often caused by trauma, can be exacerbated by thin gingival tissues.
- Connective tissue grafts are a common treatment for Class I and II gingival recessions, aiming for root coverage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term effects of connective tissue grafts on gingival dimensions and clinical attachment levels.
- To assess the potential of these grafts in preventing recurrent gingival recession.
Main Methods:
- A 1-year longitudinal study involving 18 patients with 28 Class I or II recessions.
- Measurements included recession depth, gingival width (caliper), marginal tissue thickness (ultrasonic device), and probing depth (electronic probe).
Main Results:
- Root coverage averaged 74% after 12 months.
- Gingival width increased from 2.1 mm to 3.2 mm, and thickness doubled from 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm.
- A mean clinical attachment gain of 1.7 mm was observed, with no significant change in probing depth.
Conclusions:
- Connective tissue grafts can significantly increase gingival width and thickness, offering a potential preventative measure against recurrent recession.
- Recession depth and maxillary location influenced root coverage, while baseline attachment loss and smoking impacted attachment gain.