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Related Experiment Videos

Can low density lipoprotein influence microvascular caliber?

S Skinner1, R Locher, E Niederer

  • 1University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland.

Microvascular Research
|July 11, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) increases intracellular calcium in both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and pericytes. This suggests LDL may cause vasoconstriction in the microvasculature, impacting blood flow.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Microcirculation Research

Background:

  • Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) regulates vascular tone.
  • Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) respond to LDL by altering [Ca2+]i.
  • Pericytes, microvascular counterparts of VSMCs, are crucial in microvascular regulation under various pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the ability of pericytes and VSMCs to increase [Ca2+]i upon LDL stimulation.
  • To investigate the role of LDL in modulating intracellular calcium in microvascular cells.

Main Methods:

  • Single VSMCs and pericytes were loaded with calcium-sensitive dyes (Indo-1/AM or FURA-2 AM).
  • Fluorescence measurements were used to quantify basal and LDL-stimulated [Ca2+]i.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Dose-dependent responses to LDL were analyzed in both cell types.

    • Main Results:

    • Basal [Ca2+]i was significantly higher in single pericytes compared to VSMCs.
    • Both pericytes and VSMCs demonstrated a significant, dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i in response to LDL stimulation.
    • The pattern of [Ca2+]i increase following LDL stimulation was similar in both cell types.

    Conclusions:

    • Pericytes and VSMCs exhibit comparable responses to LDL regarding intracellular calcium elevation.
    • LDL-induced [Ca2+]i changes in pericytes may lead to vasoconstriction in the microvasculature.
    • This mechanism could impair microvascular blood flow, particularly in conditions like hypertension and diabetes.