Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
Published on: August 2, 2021
Validation of a treatment-based classification system for individuals with facial neuromotor disorders
1Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. jessievs+@pitt.edu
Background And Purpose:
A method for linking treatments to signs and symptoms of facial neuromotor disorders is needed. We describe the construct validation of a treatment-based classification system for facial neuromotor disorders.
Subjects And Methods:
Based on physical signs and symptoms, 148 patients (mean age = 48.9 years, SD = 16.1, range = 20-93) were assigned to treatment-based categories. The pattern of impairment and disability was compared with clinic expectations.
Results:
The distribution of impairment and disability scores demonstrated the expected signs and symptoms of the treatment-based categories. Confirmatory principal-components factor analysis indicated 4 factors, corresponding to the treatment-based categories; the factor loadings confirmed the presence of the key sign or symptom characteristic of the categories.
Conclusion And Discussion:
Classifying facial neuromotor disorders into treatment-based categories appears to be a valid method for categorizing patients with specific impairments or disabilities and may be useful in linking treatments to outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
Impact of Individuals on Individuals
Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
Disorders of Acid-Base Balance
Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis occurs due to an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide PCO2 in the blood. It often arises from shallow breathing or impaired gas exchange caused by...
Reliability and Validity
Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types
Titrations between an acid and a base lead to neutralization reactions that form...
Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications

