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Related Experiment Videos

Vestibular adaptation to space in monkeys

M Dai1, T Raphan, I Kozlovskaya

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029-6574, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|July 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Spaceflight alters otolith-induced eye movements in rhesus monkeys, affecting the vestibulo-ocular reflex. These changes in vestibular adaptation persist post-flight, highlighting the monkey model for space research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Space Physiology
  • Vestibular System

Background:

  • The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes gaze during head movements, crucial for spatial orientation.
  • Adaptation to microgravity during spaceflight is known to affect vestibular function.
  • Understanding these changes is vital for astronaut health and future space exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of microgravity exposure on otolith-induced eye movements in rhesus monkeys.
  • To characterize short- and long-term changes in the vestibulo-ocular reflex after spaceflight.
  • To evaluate the rhesus monkey as a model for studying vestibular adaptation in space.

Main Methods:

  • Rhesus monkeys were studied before and after space missions (COSMOS 2044 and 2229).
Keywords:
NASA Discipline NeuroscienceNASA Experiment Number 8809A10NASA Experiment Number COS 2044-8Non-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Otolith-induced eye movements, including postrotatory nystagmus and ocular counter-rolling, were measured.
  • Responses to static and dynamic head tilts and off-vertical axis rotation were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Spatial orientation of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex was altered post-flight.
    • Compensatory ocular counter-rolling magnitude decreased significantly after flight.
    • Modulation in vergence and vertical nystagmus asymmetry were also reduced, with changes persisting for days to weeks.
    • Roll VOR gain decreased, while horizontal and vertical VOR gains remained unaffected.

    Conclusions:

    • Microgravity induces both short- and long-term changes in otolith-dependent eye movements.
    • The rhesus monkey is a valuable model for studying spaceflight-induced vestibular adaptation.
    • Further research in monkeys is essential to understand altered otolith afferent input and central processing in microgravity.