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Related Experiment Videos

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a life-span perspective

J Biederman1

  • 1Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Medicine, Boston 02114, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|July 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood and may be underdiagnosed in girls. Treatment involves stimulants, antidepressants, or bupropion, with complex cases potentially needing combined therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized as a condition that persists from childhood into adulthood.
  • ADHD is a heterogeneous disorder with a high risk of comorbidity and may be underidentified in girls.
  • The exact etiology of ADHD is unknown, but family studies suggest a genetic component.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the understanding of ADHD persistence into adulthood.
  • To discuss the diagnostic challenges, particularly in girls.
  • To outline current and alternative pharmacologic treatment strategies for ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ADHD persistence, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Analysis of family studies suggesting genetic origins.

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  • Evaluation of pharmacologic agents for ADHD management.

    • Main Results:

    • ADHD frequently continues into adulthood, often presenting differently than in childhood.
    • Stimulant medications are the primary treatment for uncomplicated ADHD.
    • Tricyclic antidepressants and bupropion are options for nonresponders or those with comorbidities.

    Conclusions:

    • Adult ADHD requires tailored treatment approaches.
    • Combined pharmacotherapy may be necessary for complex ADHD cases.
    • Further research into ADHD etiology and effective interventions is warranted.