Systemic lupus erythematosus: a review for dental professionals

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology with an annual incidence of 2 to 8 cases per 100,000 adults. Symptoms include fevers, arthralgias, and a characteristic rash over the cheeks and nose. More serious manifestations involve the cardiac, renal, and central nervous systems. Due to the valvular damage associated with SLE, prophylactic antibiotic premedication is recommended prior to invasive dental procedures. Drug therapy consists of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antimalarials, and corticosteroids. Appropriate dental management of these patients requires an understanding of the etiology, clinical manifestations, current treatment recommendations, and psychological aspects of the disease.