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Related Experiment Videos

Cellular aggregation and destruction during blood circulation and oxygenation

G Wright, J M Sanderson

    Thorax
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bubble oxygenation during open-heart surgery preparation causes platelet and leucocyte aggregation and haemolysis. Anticoagulants like acid citrate dextrose or citrate phosphate dextrose with heparin prevent these adverse blood reactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Surgery
    • Blood Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Extracorporeal circuits are essential for open-heart surgery but can induce adverse blood reactions.
    • Platelet and leucocyte aggregation, along with severe haemolysis, are known complications.
    • Understanding the triggers and prevention of these blood alterations is critical for patient safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the causes of platelet and leucocyte aggregation and haemolysis during extracorporeal circuit preparation.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of different anticoagulant solutions in preventing these blood alterations.

    Main Methods:

    • Experiments were conducted using dog blood.
    • Blood was subjected to bubble oxygenation and circulation of diluted blood.
    • The effects of acid citrate dextrose (ACD) and heparin, citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) and heparin, and heparin alone were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Bubble oxygenation was identified as the cause of platelet and leucocyte aggregation and haemolysis.
    • Circulation of diluted blood did not induce these adverse effects.
    • Both ACD-heparin and CPD-heparin combinations effectively inhibited aggregation and haemolysis.
    • Heparin alone did not prevent these blood alterations.

    Conclusions:

    • Bubble oxygenation is a significant factor contributing to blood damage in extracorporeal circuits.
    • Anticoagulant solutions containing citrate (ACD or CPD) in combination with heparin are effective in mitigating these adverse effects.
    • Heparin alone is insufficient for preventing bubble-induced blood trauma during surgical procedures.

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