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Periocular capillary hemangioma: a review for pediatricians and family physicians
E Y Yap1, G B Bartley, G G Hohberger
1Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Insights
Periocular capillary hemangiomas in infants require prompt evaluation to prevent vision loss. Early management, including corticosteroids, is crucial for treating these benign tumors and avoiding serious ocular complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric ophthalmology
- Dermatology
- Infant health
Background:
- Periocular capillary hemangiomas are common in infants.
- These benign tumors can cause significant cosmetic and functional issues.
- Ocular complications like amblyopia and strabismus are potential risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the natural history of periocular capillary hemangiomas.
- To highlight potential ocular complications and their management.
- To inform pediatricians and family physicians about current treatment options.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of periocular capillary hemangiomas in infants.
- Analysis of natural history, complications, and treatment modalities.
- Synthesis of information for primary care physicians.
Main Results:
- Early detection and management are critical to prevent permanent visual impairment.
- Corticosteroids are a primary treatment for large hemangiomas.
- Other treatments like radiation, interferon, and surgery are effective in specific cases.
Conclusions:
- Physicians must be aware of the risks associated with periocular capillary hemangiomas.
- Prompt intervention can preserve infant vision.
- A multidisciplinary approach may be necessary for optimal outcomes.
Abstract:
The pediatrician or family physician is usually the first person to examine an infant with a periocular capillary hemangioma. The physician should know that, in addition to being cosmetically disfiguring, capillary hemangiomas have the potential to cause serious ocular complications such as amblyopia, strabismus, proptosis, and optic atrophy. Prompt evaluation and management of periocular hemangiomas are essential in order to prevent permanent visual loss. Corticosteroids have been the mainstay in the treatment of patients with large periocular hemangiomas, but other therapeutic modalities such as radiation, interferon, and surgical excision also have been effective in selected patients. This review provides pediatricians and family physicians with information on the natural history, complications, and current management of periocular hemangiomas in infants.