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The plurifunctional nucleolus

T Pederson1

  • 1Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester Foundation Campus, 222 Maple Avenue, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA. thoru@sci.wfbr.edu

Nucleic Acids Research
|August 15, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The nucleolus, known for ribosome synthesis, also processes various RNAs like mRNA, telomerase RNA, and U6 RNA. This suggests ancient gene expression roles beyond its established functions in eukaryotic cells.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The nucleolus, a key organelle in eukaryotic cells, was historically recognized as the primary site of ribosome synthesis.
  • Established functions include rRNA transcription, processing, and ribosome assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore emerging evidence suggesting the nucleolus's involvement in broader gene expression processes beyond ribosome biogenesis.
  • To investigate the nucleolus's role in the processing and nuclear export of various non-coding RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent molecular biology and cell biology studies.
  • Analysis of experimental data implicating the nucleolus in RNA processing pathways.

Main Results:

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  • The nucleolus is implicated in the processing and nuclear export of specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
  • Biosynthesis of signal recognition particle RNA and telomerase RNA involves a nucleolar stage.
  • The nucleolus participates in the processing of U6 small nuclear RNA and certain transfer RNA precursors.
  • These RNAs are components of catalytic ribonucleoprotein machines, suggesting ancient roles.

    • Conclusions:

    • The nucleolus is a plurifunctional organelle with roles extending beyond ribosome synthesis.
    • It may retain ancient functions related to RNA processing and ribonucleoprotein assembly, dating back to proto-eukaryotic gene expression.
    • This expands the understanding of the cell nucleus's spatial-functional organization.