Application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a case of prolonged cerebral hypoxia following rapid decompression

The first known and previously unpublished report of the use of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the treatment of prolonged cerebral hypoxia is reported in an incident involving a USAF T-39 aircraft that underwent rapid decompression from 753 mb (2,438 m or 8,000 ft) to 148 mb (13,716 m or 45,000 ft). Within 5 to 8 s, the pilot lost consciousness because he did not don his oxygen mask and, therefore, was unable to obtain supplemental oxygen immediately. After a delay of 6 to 8 min, he was given supplemental oxygen at and below 697 mb (3,048 m or 10,000 ft). On the ground, the pilot was blind and disoriented. This condition persisted for 6.5 h, at which time HBO was administered. Orientation and vision were regained; neurologic findings were negative. It is concluded that HBO therapy was effective in treating this case of prolonged cerebral hypoxia. The report shows 1) the potential application of HBO in the treatment of prolonged cerebral hypoxia, and 2) the need for developing safe procedures for descent of passenger aircraft following such decompressions.