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Functional aspects of iscoms

F Morein1, K L Bengtsson

  • 1Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.

Immunology and Cell Biology
|September 2, 1998
PubMed
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Immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) offer a versatile delivery system for vaccines. Intranasal immunization with iscoms effectively stimulates mucosal immunity and enhances systemic responses, even in the presence of maternal antibodies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • The iscom is a versatile delivery system for antigens and adjuvants, adaptable for parenteral and mucosal administration.
  • Parenteral administration elicits a strong systemic Th1 response, but mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response remains insignificant.
  • Mucosal immunization strategies are crucial for effective protection against various pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of iscoms as a delivery system for inducing mucosal and systemic immune responses.
  • To assess the immunomodulatory effects of iscoms, including their ability to overcome maternal antibody interference and neonatal unresponsiveness.
  • To investigate the potential of iscoms in inducing CD8-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL).

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Intranasal (i.n.) immunization using iscoms with co-administered antigens.
  • Comparison of immune responses induced by iscoms versus cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB).
  • Assessment of systemic IgG and mucosal IgA responses, including subclass analysis (IgG2a).
  • Evaluation of CTL induction and the effect of targeting molecules within iscoms.

Main Results:

  • Intranasal iscom immunization induced potent mucosal IgA and high serum IgG responses, surpassing those induced by rCTB.
  • Iscoms demonstrated immunomodulatory effects, promoting a mucosal IgA switch and enhancing IgG2a serum response.
  • Incorporation of targeting molecules in iscoms improved remote mucosal IgA responses (genital tract).
  • Iscoms uniquely induced CD8-restricted CTLs by delivering antigens to the cytosol.
  • Iscoms effectively overcame maternal antibody inhibition and neonatal immune unresponsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Iscoms represent a potent platform for inducing both mucosal and systemic immunity.
  • The system's ability to elicit CTLs and modulate immune responses offers significant advantages for vaccine development.
  • Iscoms show promise in overcoming key immunological barriers, including maternal antibody interference and immature immune systems.