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Obesity and reproductive disorders: a review
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, Australia. rnorman@medicine.adelaide.edu.au
Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
|September 4, 1998
Summary
Obesity negatively impacts female reproductive health, causing infertility and menstrual disorders. Weight loss through diet and exercise can significantly improve fertility and ovulation.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Obesity Medicine
Background:
- Obesity, particularly central adiposity, is linked to adverse reproductive outcomes.
- Overweight individuals experience menstrual irregularities, infertility, and poor pregnancy results.
- Assisted reproductive technologies are less effective in overweight patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the reproductive consequences of obesity.
- To evaluate the impact of weight loss on fertility and menstrual function.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological evidence on obesity and reproductive health.
- Analysis of the effects of weight loss interventions on ovulation and fertility.
- Exploration of potential mechanisms, including insulin sensitivity.
Main Results:
- Increased body mass index and central adiposity correlate with menstrual disorders and infertility.
- Weight loss interventions show significant improvements in menstrual cyclicity, spontaneous ovulation, and fertility.
- Group-based exercise and diet programs appear effective in enhancing fertility.
Conclusions:
- Obesity poses significant risks to female reproductive health.
- Weight loss is a crucial factor in improving ovulation and fertility.
- Lifestyle interventions, including exercise and diet, can restore reproductive function, potentially via improved insulin sensitivity.