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Muscular performance in heart failure

K S Sunnerhagen1, A Cider, M Schaufelberger

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden.

Journal of Cardiac Failure
|September 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Patients with chronic heart failure exhibit reduced muscle strength and endurance, impacting daily activities. Hand grip strength shows a more pronounced decline, suggesting intrinsic muscle abnormalities in heart failure patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Skeletal Muscle Biology

Background:

  • Chronic heart failure (CHF) commonly presents with muscle weakness and fatigue.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding specific muscle performance deficits in CHF patients compared to healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively evaluate and compare muscle performance (strength, endurance, and activity levels) in patients with chronic heart failure against healthy controls.
  • To investigate potential intrinsic skeletal muscle abnormalities in CHF.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed activity level, gait speed, hand grip strength, and isometric/isokinetic muscle performance of knee extensors/flexors and ankle plantar/dorsal flexors.
  • Collected muscle biopsies from the lateral vastus lateralis for fiber composition analysis.

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  • Compared 16 CHF patients (NYHA class II/III) to 112 healthy reference subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • CHF patients demonstrated significantly reduced activity level, gait speed, knee extension strength and endurance, hand grip strength, and ankle flexion/extension strength compared to controls.
    • Muscle biopsies revealed minor differences in fiber composition, but lower levels of 3-Hydroxy-acylCoA-dehydrogenase and citrate synthase, and increased lactate dehydrogenase.
    • Faster recovery of muscle function was observed in CHF patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Muscle strength and endurance are demonstrably impaired in chronic heart failure patients, potentially limiting their capacity for daily activities.
    • The disproportionately greater reduction in hand grip strength suggests specific intrinsic abnormalities within the skeletal muscles of individuals with heart failure.