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Familial study of prostate cancer in Jamaica

F E Glover1, D S Coffey, L L Douglas

  • 1School of Hygiene and Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Insitute, Baltimore, Maryland.

Urology
|September 8, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Prostate cancer shows strong familial aggregation in Jamaican men. Having a first-degree relative with prostate cancer doubles a man's risk, indicating a significant genetic component in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer incidence is exceptionally high in Jamaica.
  • Familial prostate cancer aggregation is documented in various populations.
  • Limited research exists on prostate cancer familial aggregation in Black men, who face higher risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the familial aggregation of prostate cancer in Jamaica.
  • To assess the risk of prostate cancer associated with family history in a Jamaican cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 263 prostate cancer patients and 263 age-matched controls.
  • Detailed pedigree analysis was conducted for all participants.
  • Data on other cancer types were collected for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Patients with prostate cancer were twice as likely (Odds Ratio 2.1) to have a first-degree relative with the disease compared to controls.
  • A trend towards increased risk was observed with a second-degree relative affected (Odds Ratio 3.1), though not statistically significant.
  • No significant differences in the rates of other studied cancers (lung, breast, colon, stomach, uterine) were found between cases and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Familial aggregation of prostate cancer is confirmed in Black Jamaican men.
  • A first-degree family history of prostate cancer significantly increases an individual's risk.
  • Further investigation may be warranted for the association between second-degree relatives and prostate cancer risk.
Abstract

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