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Physical performance differences between weight-trained sprinters and weight trainers

A J Blazevich1, D Jenkins

  • 1The Department of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Australia.

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
|September 10, 1998
PubMed
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Athletes combining resistance training with sprint running (ST) show superior high-velocity isokinetic strength and faster acceleration compared to those only doing resistance training (NST). This suggests concurrent training enhances explosive power and speed performance.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Well-trained athletes utilize various training modalities to enhance performance.
  • Resistance training often focuses on low-velocity, high-force movements.
  • Sprint training involves high-velocity movements crucial for athletic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of concurrent sprint and resistance training versus resistance training alone on athletic performance.
  • To investigate differences in isokinetic strength and running speed between trained athletes with different training backgrounds.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited two groups of male athletes: sprint runners (ST) and non-sprint trained (NST), all with resistance training experience.
  • Assessed running speed (acceleration and maximal velocity) and isokinetic hip flexor/extensor torque at various velocities.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured maximal squat lift strength.

    • Main Results:

    • Sprint-trained (ST) athletes demonstrated significantly greater isokinetic hip extensor torque and faster peak torque production at moderate velocities (4.74 rad x s(-1)).
    • ST athletes exhibited superior hip flexor torque at high velocities (8.42 rad x s(-1)) and faster peak torque attainment.
    • ST athletes showed enhanced 20m acceleration and higher maximum running velocity compared to NST athletes.

    Conclusions:

    • Concurrent training, combining low-velocity, high-force resistance exercises with high-velocity sprint training, leads to superior high-velocity isokinetic strength.
    • Sprint training alongside resistance training significantly improves running acceleration and maximal speed.
    • These findings suggest that incorporating high-velocity training is crucial for optimizing explosive power and speed in athletes.