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A simple routine method for detecting hidden rheumatoid factors

U B Hansson, S Winblad

    Journal of Immunological Methods
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A novel method effectively detects hidden rheumatoid factors (RFs) in human serum, improving detection rates for rheumatoid arthritis patients. This simple technique enhances sensitivity compared to standard tests.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are autoantibodies often associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Standard RF detection methods may miss 'hidden' RFs, particularly in seronegative patients.
    • Improved detection of RFs can aid in earlier and more accurate rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new, simple routine method for detecting hidden rheumatoid factors in human serum.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of this method in identifying RFs missed by classical assays.
    • To assess the method's suitability for routine clinical laboratory use.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized EDTA, glycine, and NaCl to liberate hidden RFs and inactivate complement.
    • Determined RF activity in a glycine-NaCl solution.

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  • Compared results with standard RF detection tests.

    • Main Results:

    • The new method detected hidden RFs in 49 out of 97 sera from individuals with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Sera with low RF titres in standard tests showed higher titres using the new method.
    • The method successfully detected both IgM and IgG rheumatoid factors.

    Conclusions:

    • The described method is simple, sensitive, and suitable for routine medical laboratories.
    • It effectively detects hidden IgM and IgG rheumatoid factors.
    • This new assay, used alongside classical tests, improves the detection of rheumatoid factors, aiding in rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.