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Development and differentiation of endothelium

W Risau1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für physiologische und klinische Forschung, W.G. Kerckhoff Institut, Abteilung Molekulare Zellbiologie, Bad Nauheim, Germany. WRisau@kerckhoff.mpg.de

Kidney International. Supplement
|September 15, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for blood vessel formation. Its expression patterns in the brain and kidney correlate with blood vessel permeability, but brain barrier formation requires additional factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Endothelial cell biology
  • Vascular development
  • Molecular signaling

Background:

  • Vascular endothelial cells are vital for tissue homeostasis and blood vessel formation.
  • Blood vessel formation occurs through vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of VEGF and its receptors in vascular development and permeability.
  • To understand the differential expression of VEGF in embryonic and adult tissues.
  • To explore factors influencing blood-brain barrier characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of VEGF and its receptor (fit-1, flk-1) expression patterns in embryonic and adult brain and kidney.
  • Correlation of VEGF expression with vascular permeability.

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  • In vitro induction of fenestrae formation.

    • Main Results:

    • VEGF expression is high during embryonic angiogenesis and low in adult brain, but remains high in adult kidney glomeruli.
    • Endothelial-specific VEGF receptors (fit-1, flk-1) show similar expression patterns.
    • VEGF correlates with both low blood-brain barrier permeability and high glomerular permeability.
    • Fenestrae formation is induced by VEGF and extracellular matrix in vitro.

    Conclusions:

    • VEGF plays a critical role in regulating vascular permeability and development.
    • Adult brain endothelial cells have unique properties contributing to the blood-brain barrier.
    • Unknown brain-derived factors are likely involved in establishing blood-brain barrier characteristics.