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Diffuse plane xanthoma: clinicopathologic study of 8 cases

J Marcoval1, A Moreno, X Bordas

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Hospital Prínceps D'Espanya, Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|September 17, 1998
PubMed
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Diffuse plane xanthoma (DPX) is rarely associated with underlying reticuloendothelial diseases. This study found a lower incidence than expected, but patients with DPX require monitoring for associated conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Diffuse plane xanthoma (DPX) is often linked to reticuloendothelial diseases.
  • The incidence and clinical-histopathologic correlation of underlying diseases in DPX remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients diagnosed with DPX.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of eight patients diagnosed with DPX between 1987 and 1996.
  • Evaluation of clinical presentation, lesion characteristics, and histopathologic findings.

Main Results:

  • Three out of eight patients (37.5%) had an associated reticuloendothelial disease: two with benign monoclonal gammopathy and one with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Patients with underlying disease presented with larger cutaneous lesions and involvement of the trunk and extremities.
  • Histopathology revealed foamy macrophages in two patients; the remaining six showed a mix of macrophages, foamy histiocytes, lymphocytes, and Touton cells.

    • Conclusions:

    • The incidence of underlying reticuloendothelial diseases associated with DPX appears lower than previously suggested.
    • Clinical vigilance and regular observation are recommended for patients with DPX to detect potential associated systemic conditions.