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Group B streptococcal infections

D S McKenna1, J D Iams

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus 43210, USA.

Seminars in Perinatology
|September 17, 1998
PubMed
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Group B streptococcal infections cause significant neonatal sepsis and maternal infections. Intrapartum prophylaxis for at-risk pregnancies effectively reduces neonatal Group B Streptococcus colonization rates.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, morbidity, and mortality.
  • GBS also causes substantial maternal infections annually, with approximately 30% of pregnant women experiencing asymptomatic colonization.
  • While neonatal GBS infection rates are low (2 per 1,000 deliveries), maternal and neonatal risk factors influence vertical transmission and disease severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for preventing neonatal GBS disease.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of intrapartum prophylaxis in reducing GBS transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical guidelines on GBS prevention.
  • Analysis of risk factors for vertical transmission and symptomatic neonatal disease.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of antenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal treatment options.

    • Main Results:

    • Intrapartum treatment of GBS-colonized mothers at risk for vertical transmission significantly decreases neonatal GBS colonization.
    • Maternal and neonatal factors play a role in the transmission and manifestation of GBS disease.
    • Two primary strategies incorporating intrapartum prophylaxis are recommended for preventing perinatal GBS disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Intrapartum prophylaxis is a proven method to decrease neonatal GBS colonization.
    • Healthcare providers should adopt recommended intrapartum prophylaxis strategies to prevent perinatal GBS disease.