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Age differences in attitudes toward computers

S J Czaja1, J Sharit

  • 1Miami Center on Human Factors and Aging Research, University of Miami, USA. sczaja@eng.miami.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|September 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Older adults do not universally hold negative attitudes toward computers. Computer experience significantly improves attitudes across all age groups, though task specifics and gender can influence this change.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Common belief suggests older adults have negative computer attitudes.
  • Age differences in computer attitudes are not fully understood.
  • The influence of computer experience and task type requires examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age differences in computer attitudes.
  • To explore the moderating roles of computer experience and task characteristics.
  • To determine if computer attitudes are modifiable across age groups.

Main Methods:

  • 384 community-dwelling adults (ages 20-75) participated.
  • Participants engaged in data entry, database inquiry, or accounts balancing for 3 days.
  • A multidimensional computer attitude scale assessed attitudes pre- and post-task.

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Main Results:

  • No overall age differences in computer attitudes were found.
  • Older adults reported less comfort, efficacy, and control.
  • Computer experience led to more positive attitudes for all ages, moderated by task and gender.

Conclusions:

  • Computer attitudes are modifiable across all age groups.
  • The nature of computer experience critically impacts attitude change.
  • Task characteristics and gender influence the extent of attitude modification.