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Rabbit Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis model and topical therapy

J P Guzek1, D J Cline, P K Row

  • 1Margaret Marquart Catholic Hospital, Kpando, Ghana, West Africa.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|October 7, 1998
PubMed
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A rabbit model of Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis was developed to test topical antibiotics. Penicillin effectively treated sensitive strains, while gentamicin or gentamicin/vancomycin combinations were best for resistant strains.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bacterial keratitis, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, poses a significant threat to vision.
  • Effective treatment relies on timely and appropriate antibiotic therapy, but antibiotic resistance is a growing concern.
  • In vivo models are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial agents against ocular pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a reliable experimental model of Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis in rabbit corneas.
  • To assess the in vivo therapeutic effectiveness of twelve common topical antibiotics against S. pneumoniae.
  • To compare the efficacy of different antibiotics based on bacterial susceptibility profiles.

Main Methods:

  • A reproducible keratitis model was created by injecting Streptococcus pneumoniae into the rabbit corneal stroma.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Bacterial growth and viability were quantified over time using colony-forming units (CFUs).
  • The efficacy of topical antibiotics, including penicillin, gentamicin, and vancomycin, was evaluated against sensitive and resistant S. pneumoniae strains.

    • Main Results:

    • The experimental model successfully replicated S. pneumoniae keratitis, with significant bacterial proliferation observed.
    • In vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing correlated with in vivo outcomes for some strains.
    • Topical penicillin demonstrated efficacy against penicillin-sensitive S. pneumoniae.
    • Fortified gentamicin, with or without vancomycin, was the most effective treatment for penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed rabbit keratitis model serves as a valuable tool for in vivo antibiotic sensitivity testing.
    • Topical penicillin is the preferred treatment for keratitis caused by penicillin-sensitive S. pneumoniae.
    • For penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae keratitis, topical gentamicin or a combination of gentamicin and vancomycin is recommended.