Microvascular pathophysiology of skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a continuing challenge to vascular surgeons. Microvascular factors and mechanisms underlying edema and compartment syndrome provide a useful end point for analysis and planning of therapy. We review the pivotal role of endothelium-leukocyte interactions and of cytokines in the genesis of postischemic damage in muscle. Clinical considerations and future directions based on research and practice are presented.