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Neutrophil adhesion molecules in HIV disease
D A Moore1, D Henderson, B G Gazzard
1Academic Department of Immunology, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|October 9, 1998
Summary
Neutrophil dysfunction in HIV disease is linked to altered expression of adhesion molecules like L-selectin (CD62L) and LFA-1 (CD11a). This dysfunction worsens with HIV progression, impacting immune response.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Neutrophil dysfunction is a known complication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease.
- Adhesion molecules play a critical role in neutrophil function and immune surveillance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules in HIV-infected individuals.
- To correlate adhesion molecule expression with disease progression and neutrophil function.
Main Methods:
- Whole blood flow cytometry was used to analyze neutrophil adhesion molecule expression.
- FITC- and R-PE-labelled isotype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were employed.
- In vitro stimulation with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) assessed neutrophil response.
Main Results:
- HIV+ subjects showed reduced expression of CD11a (LFA-1) and L-selectin (CD62L) on circulating neutrophils compared to HIV- controls.
- CD11b (Mac-1) expression remained unchanged.
- Impaired L-selectin shedding and CD11b up-regulation upon fMLP stimulation were observed in HIV+ subjects, particularly those with low CD4 counts (<100 cells/mm³).
Conclusions:
- Dysregulated adhesion molecule expression contributes to neutrophil dysfunction in HIV disease.
- Neutrophil dysfunction severity increases with HIV disease progression.
- These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for improving immune function in HIV patients.