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[Xenografts: clinical trials and perspectives]
R Camsonne1, D Pottier, P Bustany
1Section Pharmacologie moléculaire, CHU, Caen. rcamsonn@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|October 13, 1998
Summary
Clinical xenotransplantation trials will proceed in the USA, focusing on porcine cells and organs. Challenges include viral detection and donor species selection, necessitating advanced strategies for future success.
Area of Science:
- Xenotransplantation research
- Transgenic animal models
- Immunosuppression strategies
Background:
- Xenotransplantation, using animal organs or cells in humans, has faced significant hurdles.
- Past attempts with non-human primate organs and conventional immunotherapy were unsuccessful.
- Advances in encapsulated porcine cells show promise for treating diabetes and Parkinson's disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the future of clinical xenotransplantation in the USA.
- To address challenges in xenotransplantation, including viral risks and donor species.
- To explore novel therapeutic strategies for successful xenografting.
Main Methods:
- Limited, well-controlled clinical trials will be enabled.
- Development of routine viral detection tests for porcine endogenous retroviruses.
- Utilizing advanced immunosuppressors and tolerance-based therapies.
Main Results:
- Clinical xenotransplantation will not face a moratorium in the USA.
- Encapsulated porcine cells have shown progress in treating diabetes and Parkinson's.
- Porcine organs from genetically modified animals are likely to be prioritized over non-human primates.
Conclusions:
- Future xenotransplantation trials will likely use genetically engineered porcine organs.
- Overcoming viral transmission risks and optimizing immunosuppression are critical.
- Research will focus on transgenic animals and natural tolerance mechanisms for clinical success.