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Related Experiment Videos

[Human transmission and plasmodium resistance]

J Le Bras1, C Longuet, G Charmot

  • 1Centre national de référence de la chimiosensibilité du paludisme Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris.

La Revue Du Praticien
|October 22, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Malaria transmission is shifting to tropical regions, primarily affecting Africa with Plasmodium falciparum. Drug resistance is a growing concern, especially for antifolates and chloroquine, while artemisinin derivatives remain effective.

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Predictive factors of severe disease secondary to falciparum malaria among travelers.

Pathologie-biologie·2010

Area of Science:

  • Malariology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Malaria transmission dynamics are changing globally, with elimination in Europe and North America, decreased transmission in sub-tropical zones, and increased incidence in tropical regions.
  • Plasmodium falciparum is the predominant malaria parasite, particularly in Africa, where stable, high-transmission settings lead to early childhood immunity.
  • Antiparasitic drug resistance, driven by specific genetic mutations, poses a significant challenge to malaria control efforts.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the current global distribution of malaria transmission.
  • To investigate the mechanisms and prevalence of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.
  • To assess the efficacy of current and emerging antimalarial treatments.

Summary:

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  • Global malaria transmission is increasingly concentrated in tropical areas, especially in Africa, predominantly caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
  • Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a major issue, stemming from mutations affecting antifolate and chloroquine efficacy. Chloroquine resistance is widespread, while resistance to other drugs like quinine and mefloquine remains low outside specific regions.
  • Artemisinin derivatives currently show no observed resistance, representing a critical tool for malaria treatment.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding shifting malaria patterns is crucial for targeted public health interventions and resource allocation.
    • The rise of drug-resistant malaria necessitates continuous monitoring and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
    • The sustained efficacy of artemisinin derivatives highlights their importance in combating malaria, particularly in high-burden areas.