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Biofeedback/relaxation training and exercise interventions for fibromyalgia: a prospective trial

S P Buckelew1, R Conway, J Parker

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Missouri Arthritis Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.

Arthritis Care and Research : the Official Journal of the Arthritis Health Professions Association
|October 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary

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This study found that biofeedback/relaxation, exercise, and combined treatments improved fibromyalgia symptoms. The combined program offered the best long-term benefits for self-efficacy in physical function.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain and functional limitations.
  • Effective treatment strategies for fibromyalgia remain a focus of clinical research.
  • Self-efficacy for physical function is a key outcome in managing fibromyalgia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of biofeedback/relaxation, exercise, and a combined treatment program for fibromyalgia.
  • To evaluate the long-term maintenance of treatment benefits.

Main Methods:

  • 119 subjects with fibromyalgia were randomly assigned to four groups: biofeedback/relaxation, exercise, combination treatment, or an educational/attention control.
  • Outcomes assessed included self-efficacy for function, tender point index scores, and physical activity measures.

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  • Benefits were tracked over a 2-year period.

    • Main Results:

    • All three active treatment groups (biofeedback/relaxation, exercise, combination) showed improvements in self-efficacy for function compared to the control group.
    • Significant differences were observed in tender point index scores, with active treatments outperforming the attention control.
    • The exercise and combination groups demonstrated modest improvements in physical activity.
    • The combination treatment group exhibited the best maintenance of benefits over the 2-year follow-up.

    Conclusions:

    • Biofeedback/relaxation, exercise, and combined interventions are effective in improving self-efficacy for physical function in fibromyalgia patients.
    • The combination treatment approach demonstrated superior long-term maintenance of therapeutic benefits.
    • These findings support the integration of multiple therapeutic modalities for comprehensive fibromyalgia management.