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Current concepts of total knee arthroplasty
S D Martin1, R D Scott, T S Thornhill
1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|October 24, 1998
Summary
Total knee arthroplasty effectively treats knee arthritis, improving pain and function for an active lifestyle. Advances in implants and surgical techniques ensure excellent long-term results and low failure rates.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Degenerative arthritis significantly impacts quality of life.
- Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical solution for advanced knee arthritis.
- Patient outcomes depend on prosthesis selection and surgical technique.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state and future directions of total knee arthroplasty.
- To highlight factors contributing to successful TKA outcomes.
- To discuss advancements in implant design and surgical procedures.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on total knee arthroplasty.
- Analysis of factors influencing prosthesis selection.
- Evaluation of surgical techniques and implant innovations.
Main Results:
- TKA provides excellent pain relief and functional improvement.
- Proper prosthesis selection based on patient-specific factors is crucial.
- Improved instrumentation, surgical detail, and implant design enhance long-term results.
- Modern revision systems and modular implants offer greater versatility.
Conclusions:
- Total knee arthroplasty is a reliable procedure for degenerative arthritis.
- Continued innovation in implant design aims to improve joint kinematics and durability.
- Future goals include enhanced fixation and reduced polyethylene wear.