Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid dose in children undergoing prophylactic cranial irradiation

G Stevens1, S Downes, A Ralston

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. gstevensradonc.rpa.cs.nsw.gov.au.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
|October 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid radiation dose from prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in childhood leukemia is 1-2% in adults, potentially 5% in children. Shielding the thyroid is crucial due to its sensitivity to radiation and linear tumor induction risk.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Resistance Bioassays and Allele Characterization Inform Analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Introduction Pathways in Asia and Australia.

Journal of economic entomology·2022
Same author

Distinguishing Between Endodermal and Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines During Somatic Cell Reprogramming.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2022
Same author

Determinants of Insecticide Resistance Evolution: Comparative Analysis Among Heliothines.

Annual review of entomology·2022
Same author

The Genetic Regulation of Cell Fate During Preimplantation Mouse Development.

Current topics in developmental biology·2016
Same author

A comparison of two digital mammography systems: are there any differences?

Clinical radiology·2015
Same author

Review of the 2012 Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Outbreak in Domestic Ruminants in the United States.

PloS one·2015

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Childhood leukemia survivors often receive prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).
  • The thyroid gland is sensitive to radiation, and thyroid cancer is a known risk following radiation exposure.
  • Accurate assessment of thyroid radiation dose during PCI is essential for risk stratification and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the radiation dose delivered to the thyroid gland during prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in childhood leukemia.
  • To identify factors influencing thyroid radiation dose, including treatment parameters and shielding techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Radiation dose measurements using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) in an anthropomorphic phantom and in vivo for pediatric patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of 6 MV X-rays and Cobalt-60 gamma-rays for PCI simulation.
  • Assessment of dose dependence on field distance, stray radiation, tissue scatter, collimator orientation, shadow trays, and shielding blocks.
  • Comparison with calculated doses using the Clarkson scatter integration method.

    • Main Results:

    • Thyroid dose ranged from 1.2-1.7% of the prescribed cranial dose, with stray radiation contributing approximately two-thirds.
    • Thyroid dose increased with proximity of the radiation field and was influenced by collimator orientation.
    • Shielding blocks on shadow trays reduced thyroid dose by only 20%; Cobalt-60 resulted in higher thyroid doses than 6 MV X-rays.
    • Phantom and in vivo measurements showed good correlation with calculated doses.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid radiation doses from PCI are significant, particularly in children (up to 5%), with a substantial contribution from stray radiation.
    • Given the linear dose-response for thyroid tumor induction, thyroid shielding during PCI is mandatory.
    • 6 MV X-rays are preferable to Cobalt-60 for PCI due to lower thyroid dose; optimizing field parameters and shielding is critical.