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Possible precursors of gender drinking differences

H L Johnson1, P B Johnson

  • 1Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education, Queens College, Flushing, NY 11367-0904, USA.

Journal of Addictive Diseases
|October 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Sixth graders showed similar alcohol expectancies, but males had more positive attitudes toward drinking than females. Male attitudes linked to observing adult intoxication, unlike females, suggesting early origins for drinking behavior differences.

Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Psychology
  • Substance Use Research
  • Developmental Behavior

Background:

  • Understanding early alcohol expectancies and attitudes is crucial for preventing future substance use.
  • Previous research identified "positive" and "negative" factors in alcohol expectancies.
  • Investigating gender differences in early adolescent alcohol perceptions is important for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore sixth graders' responses to a new alcohol expectancy scale and a drinking attitude question.
  • To examine gender differences in alcohol expectancies and attitudes among early adolescents.
  • To investigate the relationship between attitudes toward alcohol and observing adult intoxication in the home.

Main Methods:

  • Administered a newly developed alcohol expectancy scale to sixth graders.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Used a general attitude question regarding alcohol consumption.
  • Conducted factor analyses on scale responses and analyzed gender differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Factor analyses confirmed "positive" and "negative" expectancy factors, with no significant gender differences on the scale.
    • Sixth-grade males reported more favorable attitudes toward alcohol than females.
    • Male attitudes correlated with observing adult intoxication, but female attitudes did not.

    Conclusions:

    • While alcohol expectancies may be similar, early gender differences in attitudes toward alcohol exist.
    • Observing adult intoxication may influence male adolescent attitudes toward alcohol differently than female attitudes.
    • Findings suggest potential origins for initial male-female drinking behavior disparities in early adolescence.