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Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction due to anti-M antibody
J M Sancho1, M Pujol, F Fernández
1Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias y Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
Abstract:
A female patient with delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction due to anti-M antibody is described. Diagnosis was based on laboratory evidence of haemolysis and on characteristic serological findings. Anti-M was detected in the recipient's serum 7 d after the last transfusion episode. This alloantibody had not been present in the pretransfusion serum. In addition, the direct antiglobulin test was positive on post-transfusion testing and the implicated antibody was eluted from post-transfused red cells. Delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions have long been recognized as a potential hazard of transfusion therapy, but such cases due to anti-M are extremely rare.
Insights
A rare delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction occurred in a female patient due to the anti-M antibody. This diagnosis was confirmed through laboratory tests showing hemolysis and specific serological findings.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are a known complication of blood transfusions.
- Anti-M alloantibodies, while uncommon, can cause transfusion reactions.
Observation:
- A female patient developed a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) following a blood transfusion.
- Anti-M antibodies were detected in the patient's serum seven days after the transfusion.
- The patient's pre-transfusion serum did not contain anti-M antibodies.
Findings:
- Laboratory diagnosis confirmed hemolysis and characteristic serological findings.
- Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was positive post-transfusion.
- The implicated anti-M antibody was successfully eluted from post-transfused red blood cells.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering rare antibodies like anti-M in transfusion reactions.
- Accurate serological investigation is crucial for diagnosing and managing DHTRs.
- Awareness of anti-M associated DHTRs is important for transfusion safety protocols.