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Typhoid fevers: treatment with lomefloxacin
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|November 14, 1998
Summary
Multidrug-resistant Salmonellae are a growing threat in tropical regions. Lomefloxacin offers an effective alternative treatment for typhoid fevers, even against resistant strains, with minimal side effects.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Typhoid fevers cause significant morbidity and mortality in tropical countries.
- Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Salmonellae necessitates alternative therapies.
- Fluoroquinolones present an effective, shorter-course treatment option.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of lomefloxacin in treating typhoid group fevers.
- To assess lomefloxacin's effectiveness against multidrug-resistant Salmonellae isolates.
- To determine the safety and tolerability of lomefloxacin treatment.
Main Methods:
- A dual-stage multicenter study involving in vitro and in vivo components.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination for 200 Salmonellae isolates.
- Clinical trial administering lomefloxacin 200 mg twice daily for 14 days to 214 patients.
Main Results:
- 40% of Salmonellae isolates exhibited multidrug resistance; only 2% were resistant to fluoroquinolones.
- The mean MIC90 for lomefloxacin was 0.06 mg/L.
- Lomefloxacin demonstrated over 97% efficacy in treating typhoid fevers, including those caused by resistant strains, with minimal transient side effects.
Conclusions:
- Lomefloxacin is a highly effective and safe treatment for typhoid group fevers.
- The drug is particularly valuable for combating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Salmonellae.
- Lomefloxacin represents a promising therapeutic option in regions with high rates of antimicrobial resistance.