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[Specific immunotherapy--past--present--future]

M K Kägi1

  • 1Institut für Immunologie und Allergologie, Allergisch-Immunologische Poliklinik, Inselspital Bern.

Praxis
|November 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Specific immunotherapy (IT) effectively treats IgE-mediated allergies like hayfever and asthma. Local nasal and sublingual IT are recommended for allergic rhinitis in adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Immunotherapy research
  • Clinical allergy treatment

Context:

  • Specific immunotherapy (hyposensitization) has a long history in treating IgE-mediated allergic diseases.
  • Immunotherapy is highly effective for hayfever and allergic asthma caused by house-dust mites and animal danders.
  • Local immunotherapy involves topical administration via nasal, bronchial, oral, or sublingual routes.

Purpose:

  • To review the efficacy and clinical recommendations for various forms of specific immunotherapy, particularly local immunotherapy.
  • To differentiate between established and experimental applications of local immunotherapy.
  • To provide guidance on the appropriate use of immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Summary:

  • Specific immunotherapy is a well-established treatment for allergic diseases.
  • Local immunotherapy encompasses topical administration, including nasal, bronchial, oral, and sublingual routes.
  • While bronchial and oral immunotherapy are not yet recommended for clinical practice, local nasal immunotherapy may be suitable for selected adult patients with grass- and Parietaria-pollen-induced rhinitis. Sublingual immunotherapy with pollen and mite extracts is recommended for adult allergic rhinitis.

Impact:

  • Provides clarity on the current clinical utility of different immunotherapy approaches.
  • Highlights the potential of local immunotherapy for specific allergic conditions.
  • Informs clinical decision-making for the management of allergic rhinitis and asthma.

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