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Effects of computer-based prescribing on pharmacist work patterns

M D Murray1, B Loos, W Tu

  • 1Purdue University, USA. murray_m@regenstrief.iupui.edu

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
|November 24, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Computer-based prescription writing significantly altered hospital outpatient pharmacist roles, increasing time spent on prescription problem-solving and decreasing prescription filling time. This shift impacts pharmacist work patterns and functions.

Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Outpatient pharmacies are crucial for medication management.
  • Physician prescription writing methods can influence pharmacist workflow.
  • Understanding these impacts is key to optimizing pharmacy operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of computer-based outpatient prescription writing on pharmacist work patterns.
  • To analyze changes in pharmacist activities, functions, and contacts post-implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Work sampling methodology was employed at a hospital-based outpatient pharmacy.
  • Pharmacist activities, functions, and contacts were measured before and after computer-based prescribing implementation using random-signal generators.

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Main Results:

  • While total staff hours and prescriptions remained similar, pharmacists spent significantly more time on prescription problem-solving (45.8%) and less time filling prescriptions (34.0%).
  • Idle time decreased by 3.9%, and time spent in discussions reduced by 2.2%.
  • Over 80% of pharmacist time was spent working independently both before and after the system change.

Conclusions:

  • Computer-based prescribing fundamentally reshapes the nature and reasons for hospital outpatient pharmacist work.
  • Significant shifts in pharmacist activities, particularly towards problem-solving, were observed.
  • Changes in interpersonal interactions were minimal, with sustained high levels of independent work.