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Calcitropic peptides: neural perspectives

K L Hull1, K Fathimani, P Sharma

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part C, Pharmacology, Toxicology & Endocrinology
|November 25, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Calcitropic peptides, like calcitonin and parathyroid hormone, may have originated in neural tissues before evolving into endocrine hormones. This review explores their ancestral roles as neuropeptides.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Comparative Endocrinology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Calcitropic peptides (e.g., PTH, calcitonin) are typically produced by endocrine glands in vertebrates.
  • These peptides are also found in neural tissues of simpler organisms lacking these glands.
  • This suggests a potential ancestral role in neural tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neural and neuroendocrine roles of calcitropic hormones and related peptides.
  • To explore the hypothesis that these hormones originated as neuropeptides.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on calcitropic peptides and their presence in neural tissues.
  • Analysis of evidence for CNS receptors and neurological actions of these peptides.
  • Comparative analysis across vertebrates and invertebrates.

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Main Results:

  • Calcitropic peptides are present in the neural tissues of lower vertebrates and invertebrates.
  • Central nervous system receptors for these peptides have been identified.
  • These peptides can induce neurological effects, supporting a neuropeptide origin.

Conclusions:

  • Neural tissue may be an ancestral site for calcitropic peptide synthesis.
  • Calcitropic hormones likely evolved from neuropeptides.
  • Understanding these roles is crucial for comparative neuroendocrinology.