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[Multi-dimensional analysis of vocal function. A case-control study]

J A Preciado1, R García Tapia, J C Infante

  • 1Hospital San Millán, Logroño, Pamplona.

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola
|November 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study found that no single test reliably distinguishes hoarse from normal voices. However, a combination of specific vocal function tests, including phonation quotient and spectrographic analysis, showed significant differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Speech and Language Pathology
  • Acoustic Analysis

Background:

  • Vocal function analysis is crucial for diagnosing voice disorders.
  • Numerous tests exist, but their comparative efficacy in differentiating hoarse from normal voices requires clarification.
  • Teaching staff represent a population susceptible to voice strain and related pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most effective methods for analyzing vocal function among existing tests.
  • To compare the diagnostic utility of various vocal function tests in a case-control study.
  • To differentiate between hoarse and normal voices using objective and subjective measures.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 64 patients with various voice disorders and 64 healthy controls.

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  • Included anamnesis, ENT examination, videostroboscopy, perceptual voice evaluation, aerodynamic tests, phonation range, acoustic analysis of sustained vowel /a/ and a test sentence, and spectrographic analysis.
  • Utilized Sound Scope 1.0 software for spectrographic analysis based on Yanagihara's classification.

    • Main Results:

    • No single test consistently differentiated hoarse from normal voices due to overlapping values.
    • Statistically significant differences were observed between hoarse and normal voices using the phonation quotient (PQ), maximum phonation time (MPT) of vowel /a/, S/Z quotient, frequency range of phonation, average perturbation quotient (APQ), harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR), breathiness (BR), relative average perturbation (RAP), standard deviation (SD) of fundamental frequency (F0) of vowel /a/, and acoustic analysis of the sentence 'mi padre era castellano'.
    • Spectrographic analysis of Spanish vowels also revealed significant differences.

    Conclusions:

    • A single test is insufficient for accurate vocal function assessment in voice disorders.
    • A battery of tests, including acoustic and aerodynamic measures like PQ, MPT, S/Z ratio, and spectrographic analysis, is necessary for reliable differentiation.
    • These findings aid in selecting optimal diagnostic tools for voice analysis in clinical and research settings.