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Adolescent heroin use: a review

R H Schwartz1

  • 1Inova Hospital for Children, Falls Church, Virginia, USA.

Pediatrics
|December 2, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Heroin use among American teenagers has significantly increased, with use doubling from 1990-1996 and rising further in 1997. This trend is linked to cheaper, potent heroin and initiation via nasal administration.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • Substance Abuse Research

Background:

  • National and statewide surveys indicate a disturbing rise in heroin use among American teenagers.
  • Data from Monitoring The Future (1997) shows a 100% increase in heroin use among high school seniors compared to 1990-1996, reaching 2.1% in 1997.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends and contributing factors of increasing heroin use in American adolescents.
  • To discuss the implications of heroin initiation, dependence, and management strategies for this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national and statewide survey data, including the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Monitoring The Future monograph.
  • Examination of drug potency, price, and administration routes (nasal inhalation).

Main Results:

  • Heroin use among 12th graders increased significantly from 0.9%-1.8% (1990-1996) to 2.1% (1997).
  • Cheaper, high-potency heroin from Colombia and Mexico facilitates nasal administration, a common initiation method for adolescents.
  • Frequent use leads to tolerance, craving, and psychological dependence, complicating recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Successful long-term heroin addiction management requires acute detoxification followed by residential treatment.
  • Addressing managed care payment issues is crucial for accessing appropriate treatment programs.
  • Comprehensive management includes 12-step programs, drug testing, dual diagnosis treatment, and social support reintegration.

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