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Related Experiment Videos

Potential circuit mechanisms underlying concurrent thalamic and cortical plasticity

M A Nicolelis1, D Katz, D J Krupa

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Reviews in the Neurosciences
|December 2, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Neural circuit mechanisms of sensory plasticity are system-wide, impacting both brain and spinal cord. This reorganization, while not always beneficial, can lead to abnormal perceptions like phantom limb pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Adult central nervous system exhibits plasticity in sensory and motor representations following various manipulations.
  • Neural circuit mechanisms driving this reorganization remain largely unknown.
  • Plastic reorganization can result in maladaptive outcomes, including abnormal perceptions and pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent insights into the circuit mechanisms underlying sensory plasticity.
  • To discuss the implications of these findings for understanding brain function.
  • To present evidence for subcortical involvement in cortical plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on sensory plasticity.
  • Analysis of physiological evidence for neural circuit mechanisms.

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  • Discussion of system-wide effects of plasticity.

    • Main Results:

    • Sensory plasticity is a system-wide phenomenon involving cortical and subcortical structures.
    • Reorganization outcomes are not consistently beneficial and can lead to phantom limb sensations and pain.
    • Cortical plasticity may be linked to simultaneous changes in multiple subcortical structures.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the neural circuits of sensory plasticity is crucial.
    • Plasticity involves coordinated changes across the central nervous system.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and implications of sensory plasticity.