Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

On the difference between strength-based and frequency-based mirror effects in recognition memory

V Stretch1, J T Wixted

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, USA.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|December 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Analyzing the dynamics of free recall: An integrative review of the empirical literature.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2013
Same author

Yes/no recognition, forced-choice recognition, and the human hippocampus.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2007
Same author

On the nature of associative information in recognition memory.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2001
Same author

Relation between confidence in yes-no and forced-choice tasks.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2001
Same author

The case against a criterion-shift account of false memory.

Psychological review·2000
Same author

The disparate effects of Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease on semantic memory.

Neuropsychology·1999

This study reveals that memory mirror effects differ based on their cause. Strength-based effects shift decision criteria, while frequency-based effects occur with a stable criterion, impacting memory recall.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • The mirror effect in memory demonstrates how changes in stimulus properties can alter recognition accuracy.
  • Previous research has explored manipulating word frequency and stimulus strength to induce mirror effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the underlying mechanisms of strength-based versus frequency-based mirror effects in recognition memory.
  • To investigate whether shifts in decision criteria explain the strength-based mirror effect.

Main Methods:

  • Five experiments were conducted using word recognition tasks.
  • Stimuli varied in word frequency (high vs. low) and were differentially strengthened through study time or differential coloring.
  • Recognition performance, including hit rates and false alarm rates, was analyzed.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • A strength-based mirror effect was associated with a shift in the decision criterion's location.
  • A frequency-based mirror effect occurred without a change in the decision criterion relative to word frequency.
  • Differential strengthening of high-frequency words increased their hit rate without a proportional increase in false alarms.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest distinct cognitive processes underlie strength-based and frequency-based mirror effects.
  • A fixed-criterion account accurately predicts the word-frequency mirror effect.
  • Understanding these distinctions is crucial for models of recognition memory and decision-making.