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Related Experiment Videos

Decision rules for recognition memory confidence judgments

V Stretch1, J T Wixted

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, USA.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|December 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study examines how confidence in memory recognition changes with accuracy. Findings suggest confidence criteria expand as accuracy decreases, aligning with likelihood ratio models.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The standard signal-detection model explains recognition memory and confidence judgments using strength-of-evidence criteria.
  • Existing theories address shifts in old-new decision criteria with changing recognition accuracy.
  • Less is understood about how confidence criteria shift in response to accuracy variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the movement of confidence criteria in recognition memory when accuracy is experimentally manipulated.
  • To compare empirical findings with predictions from the likelihood ratio model of memory.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of previously published recognition memory data (Ratcliff et al., 1994).
  • Collection and analysis of new experimental data on recognition memory and confidence.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of how confidence criteria shift along the decision axis as a function of accuracy (d').

    • Main Results:

    • Confidence criteria were observed to fan out on the decision axis as discriminability (d') decreased.
    • This pattern of results is qualitatively consistent with the predictions of a likelihood ratio model.
    • The data did not fully support the quantitative predictions of the likelihood ratio model.

    Conclusions:

    • Confidence criteria in recognition memory exhibit a distinct pattern of change, fanning out as accuracy declines.
    • The findings provide qualitative support for likelihood ratio models but highlight limitations in their quantitative predictions for confidence shifts.