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Worksite physical activity interventions

R K Dishman1, B Oldenburg, H O'Neal

  • 1Department of Exercise Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-6554, USA.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|December 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Worksite interventions show limited success in boosting physical activity. Despite national goals, current evidence suggests these programs do not significantly improve fitness or activity levels.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Exercise Science
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • National public health objectives identify worksites as key settings for physical activity interventions.
  • Existing expert reviews indicate a lack of scientific consensus on the effectiveness of worksite interventions for increasing physical activity or fitness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence on the effectiveness of worksite interventions for increasing physical activity and fitness.
  • To examine factors that may influence the success of such interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of 26 studies involving nearly 9,000 subjects was conducted.
  • Studies were evaluated based on scientific standards for internal and external validity and measurement accuracy.

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  • Effect sizes were quantified using Pearson correlation coefficients (r), excluding pre-experimental cohort studies.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall mean effect size was small and heterogeneous (r = 0.11), indicating a modest increase in physical activity.
    • Moderating variables did not significantly explain the variation in effects.
    • Randomized studies showed smaller effects compared to quasi-experimental designs.

    Conclusions:

    • Typical worksite interventions have not yet demonstrated a statistically significant increase in physical activity or fitness.
    • Studies with rigorous designs and measures also yielded small or negligible effects.
    • Further research with valid designs and measures is needed to determine if worksite interventions can effectively increase physical activity.