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Nitric oxide and radiation enteritis

Y Erbil1, C Dibekoglu, U Turkoglu

  • 1Istanbul Medical School, Department of Surgery, Turkey.

The European Journal of Surgery = Acta Chirurgica
|December 9, 1998
PubMed
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Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis with L-NAME protected intestinal structure after abdominal irradiation in rats. This suggests NO plays a role in radiation enteritis inflammation, indicating L-NAME as a potential therapeutic agent.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Abdominal irradiation can cause significant intestinal damage, known as radiation enteritis.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in inflammatory processes, but its specific role in radiation-induced enteritis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of abdominal irradiation on intestinal nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, endotoxemia, and mucosal integrity in rats.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic effect of N-omega-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NO synthesis, on radiation-induced intestinal injury.

Main Methods:

  • An experimental study was conducted on 46 Wistar-albino rats divided into four groups.
  • Groups received abdominal irradiation with or without L-NAME treatment (administered before and/or after irradiation).

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  • Measurements included intestinal MPO and nitrite concentrations, plasma endotoxin levels, and assessment of intestinal mucosal structure (villous height and number).

    • Main Results:

    • Abdominal irradiation alone (Group I) led to increased MPO and nitrite concentrations and compromised mucosal integrity.
    • Rats treated with L-NAME (Groups II and III) showed significantly reduced MPO and nitrite levels compared to the untreated irradiated group.
    • L-NAME administration protected intestinal mucosal integrity in irradiated rats.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that the nitric oxide (NO) pathway is a significant contributor to the inflammatory response in radiation enteritis.
    • Inhibiting NO synthesis through L-NAME demonstrates a protective effect, indicating its potential as a therapeutic strategy for managing radiation-induced intestinal inflammation.