Homicides in war and peace in Croatia

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Criminology
• Sociology

Background:

• Homicides present complex challenges, particularly during wartime.
• Understanding the factors contributing to homicides is crucial for prevention.
• The Osijek area provides a unique context for studying prewar and wartime criminal behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct an interdisciplinary investigation of homicides in the Osijek area.
• To compare homicides during prewar and wartime periods.
• To identify similarities and differences in perpetrator characteristics and methods.

Main Methods:

• Interdisciplinary review of homicide cases.
• Comparative analysis of social-demographic characteristics of perpetrators.
• Examination of victim selection, victim involvement, and contributing factors.

Main Results:

• Perpetrators in both periods shared social-demographic characteristics.
• Significant differences were observed in victim selection and victim participation.
• Acute alcohol intoxication and personality disorders were key factors in homicide genesis.
• Wartime homicides were additionally influenced by war stressors and firearm access.

Conclusions:

• Homicide patterns exhibit both continuity and change between prewar and wartime contexts.
• Prevention strategies should address individual factors (alcohol, personality disorders) and contextual stressors (war, firearms).
• Further research should emphasize victimological aspects for a comprehensive understanding of homicide.